Anatomically, the Rear Torso consists of several layers of muscle, stacked like a Burger. For bodybuilding purposes, the back is best considered in 3 sections that resemble triangular segments of a quilted
blanket.
The Upper Back is made up of a Huge Triangular muscle called the Trapezius. It starts from the Upper Spine of the Skull down to the last rib that is, all the cervical and thoracic vertebrae. The upper fibers of the Trapezius in the neck attach to the outer tip of the shoulder on the Clavicle, Acromion, and shoulder blade.
The Middle and the Lower Fibers of Trapezius in the upper back attach to the scapula. The upper trapezius elevates the scapula to shrug the shoulders and rotates the scapula to assist shoulder abduction. The middle trapezius retracts the
scapula, pulling the shoulders backward.
The lower trapezius depresses the scapula downward.
Underneath the trapezius is 3 muscles that anchor the scapula to the spine:
the levator scapulae, rhomboid major, and rhomboid minor. The levator scapulae assist the upper trapezius to elevate the scapula.
The rhomboid major and rhomboid minor work with the middle trapezius to retract the scapula. This scapular
retractors lie under the trapezius and add muscular width to the upper back.
The middle back consists of the latissimus dorsi, a big fan-shaped muscle that arises from the lower half of the spinal column and the rear ridge of the pelvic bone. From its large origin, the latissimus dorsi unites into a bandlike tendon that attaches to the upper humerus, next to the tendon of the pectoralis major.
When the latissimus dorsi contracts, movement takes place at the shoulder joint. The latissimus dorsi pulls the upper arm downward and backward (shoulder extension); hence, this muscle is targeted by pull-downs, pull-ups, and rows.
The latissimus dorsi also pulls the arm in against the side of the body.
The lower back is made up of the erector spine muscles that run the entire length of the spinal column. In the lumbar region, the erector spine splits into three columns: the iliocostalis, longissimus, and spinalis. These muscles
are the pillars of strength in the lower back that stabilize the spine and extend the torso, arching the spine backward.
The trapezius and latissimus dorsi are concerned primarily with movements of the shoulder and arm. It is the sacrospinalis muscles that cause movements of the spine and torso. Exercises that target the back muscles include shrugs, pull-downs, pull-ups, rows, and lumbar extensions. The deadlift is a compound, multijoint exercise that involves all of the back muscles.
blanket.
The Upper Back is made up of a Huge Triangular muscle called the Trapezius. It starts from the Upper Spine of the Skull down to the last rib that is, all the cervical and thoracic vertebrae. The upper fibers of the Trapezius in the neck attach to the outer tip of the shoulder on the Clavicle, Acromion, and shoulder blade.
The Middle and the Lower Fibers of Trapezius in the upper back attach to the scapula. The upper trapezius elevates the scapula to shrug the shoulders and rotates the scapula to assist shoulder abduction. The middle trapezius retracts the
scapula, pulling the shoulders backward.
The lower trapezius depresses the scapula downward.
Underneath the trapezius is 3 muscles that anchor the scapula to the spine:
the levator scapulae, rhomboid major, and rhomboid minor. The levator scapulae assist the upper trapezius to elevate the scapula.
The rhomboid major and rhomboid minor work with the middle trapezius to retract the scapula. This scapular
retractors lie under the trapezius and add muscular width to the upper back.
The middle back consists of the latissimus dorsi, a big fan-shaped muscle that arises from the lower half of the spinal column and the rear ridge of the pelvic bone. From its large origin, the latissimus dorsi unites into a bandlike tendon that attaches to the upper humerus, next to the tendon of the pectoralis major.
When the latissimus dorsi contracts, movement takes place at the shoulder joint. The latissimus dorsi pulls the upper arm downward and backward (shoulder extension); hence, this muscle is targeted by pull-downs, pull-ups, and rows.
The latissimus dorsi also pulls the arm in against the side of the body.
The lower back is made up of the erector spine muscles that run the entire length of the spinal column. In the lumbar region, the erector spine splits into three columns: the iliocostalis, longissimus, and spinalis. These muscles
are the pillars of strength in the lower back that stabilize the spine and extend the torso, arching the spine backward.
The trapezius and latissimus dorsi are concerned primarily with movements of the shoulder and arm. It is the sacrospinalis muscles that cause movements of the spine and torso. Exercises that target the back muscles include shrugs, pull-downs, pull-ups, rows, and lumbar extensions. The deadlift is a compound, multijoint exercise that involves all of the back muscles.
Back
Reviewed by HealthFighter
on
February 27, 2020
Rating:
Reviewed by HealthFighter
on
February 27, 2020
Rating:
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